Victor Talking Machine Company

The company was founded by engineer Eldridge R. Johnson, who had previously made gramophones to play Emile Berliner's disc records.[1] After a series of legal wranglings between Berliner, Johnson and their former business partners, the two joined to form the Consolidated Talking Machine Co. in order to combine the patents for the record with Johnson's patents improving its fidelity. Victor Talking Machine Co. was incorporated officially in 1901 shortly before agreeing to allow Columbia Records use of its disc record patent.

Victor had acquired the Pan-American rights to use the famous trademark of the fox terrier Nipper listening to a gramophone when Berliner and Johnson affiliated their fledgling companies. (See also His Master's Voice.) The original painting was an oil on canvas by Francis Barraud in 1898. Barraud's deceased brother, a London photographer, willed him his estate including his DC-powered Edison-Bell cylinder phonograph with a case of cylinders and his dog Nipper. Barraud's original painting depicts Nipper staring intently into the horn of an Edison-Bell while both sit on a polished wooden surface. The horn on the Edison-Bell machine was black and after a failed attempt at selling the painting to a cylinder record supplier of Edison Phonographs in the UK, a friend of Barraud's suggested that the painting could be brightened up (and possibly made more marketable) by substituting one of the brass-belled horns on display in the window at the new gramophone shop on Maiden Lane. The Gramophone Company in London, was founded and managed by an American, William Barry Owen. Barraud paid a visit with a photograph of the painting and asked to borrow a horn. Owen gave Barraud an entire gramophone and asked him to paint it into the picture, offering to buy the result. On close inspection, the original painting still shows the contours of the Edison-Bell phonograph beneath the paint of the gramophone.[1] Dozens of copies of "His Master's Voice" were painted by Barraud, several of them commissioned for executives of the Gramophone Company and Victor, though Barraud apparently would paint copies for anybody who paid him for one. The original painting is in the archives of EMI Records (successor to the Gramophone company in the UK), now owned by Universal Music Group.

In 1915, the "His Master's Voice" logo was rendered in immense circular leaded-glass windows in the tower of the Victrola cabinet building at Victor's headquarters in Camden, New Jersey. The building still stands today with replica windows installed during RCA's ownership of the plant in its later years. Today, one of the original windows is located at the Smithsonian museum in Washington, D.C.[2]

Woody Creek, Colorado

Woody Creek is a census-designated place and a U.S. Post Office located in Pitkin County, Colorado, United States and is part of the Roaring Fork Valley. The population as of the 2010 Census was 263.[3] The Woody Creek Post Office has the ZIP Code 81656.[2]

Woody Creek is situated in the valley of the Roaring Fork River northwest of Aspen, along State Highway 82, where Woody Creek exits a canyon and joins the Roaring Fork. It is situated at the northwest (and least developed) end of a small valley that stretches southeast along the Roaring Fork to Aspen. Woody Creek is located at 39°16′15″N 106°53′10″W / 39.27083°N 106.88611°W / 39.27083; -106.88611 (39.270803,-106.886158).

The community is centered on a log cabin built in the 1940s by the Lee Jones family, which now houses the Woody Creek Tavern, a well-known landmark, as well as the Woody Creek Community Center. The cabin sits along a county road, somewhat concealed from State Highway 82. Adjacent is a trailer park and several homes, ranging from modest older ones to newer upscale structures. Patrons of the Woody Creek Tavern or the Woody Creek Community Center can request a postcard which comes with postage for USA delivery, which can be scrawled upon and dropped off at the nearby post office.

Vilas, Colorado

Vilas is located in east-central Baca County at 37°22′27″N 102°26′49″W / 37.37417°N 102.44694°W / 37.37417; -102.44694 (37.374134, -102.446928).[10]U.S. Route 160 passes just to the north of the town, leading west 11 miles (18 km) to Springfield, the county seat, and east 9 miles (14 km) to Walsh.

As of the census[12] of 2000, there were 110 people, 45 households, and 31 families residing in the town. The population density was 844.3 people per square mile (326.7/km²). There were 51 housing units at an average density of 391.4 per square mile (151.5/km²). The racial makeup of the town was 93.64% White, 3.64% Native American, and 2.73% from two or more races. Hispanic or Latino of any race were 13.64% of the population.

There were 45 households out of which 26.7% had children under the age of 18 living with them, 53.3% were married couples living together, 11.1% had a female householder with no husband present, and 31.1% were non-families. 26.7% of all households were made up of individuals and 8.9% had someone living alone who was 65 years of age or older. The average household size was 2.44 and the average family size was 2.94.

Wray, Colorado

Wray (/ˈreɪ/) is a Home Rule Municipality that is the county seat of Yuma County, Colorado, United States.[1][9] Located in the Colorado Plains, the city is 170 miles east of Denver, 9 miles west of the Nebraska state line, and 25 miles northwest of the Kansas state line. The population was 2,342 at the U.S. Census 2010.[10]

Wray is located at 40°4′36″N 102°13′33″W / 40.07667°N 102.22583°W / 40.07667; -102.22583 (40.076721, -102.225873),[14] near the intersection of U.S. Highway 34 and U.S. Highway 385. According to the United States Census Bureau, the city has a total area of 3.0 square miles (7.8 km2), all land.

As of the census[17] of 2000, there were 2,187 people, 888 households, and 547 families residing in the city. The population density was 739.6 people per square mile (285.3/km²). There were 968 housing units at an average density of 327.4 per square mile (126.3/km²). The racial makeup of the city was 94.42% White, 0.09% African American, 0.27% Native American, 0.09% Asian, 3.48% from other races, and 1.65% from two or more races. Hispanic or Latino of any race were 10.01% of the population.

Walden, Colorado

The Town of Walden is a Statutory Town that is the county seat of, and the only incorporated municipality in Jackson County, Colorado, United States.[7] It is situated in the center of a large open valley called North Park. People from Walden and the surrounding area refer to themselves as "North Parkers".[citation needed] The town population was 734 at the 2000 census and reduced to 608 at the[8]2010 census. The town sits at an elevation of 8099 feet (2469 meters) and is the only still incorporated town in the county. It was established in 1889 and was incorporated 2 December 1890.[3] Mark A. Walden, an early postmaster, gave the community his name.[9]

Due to its elevation, Walden has a semi-arid climate (BSk), closely bordering on a subalpine climate (Köppen climate classification Dfc). Frost can occur year-round, although there is a short frost-free period averaging just 42 days.[clarification needed][11]

As of the census[13] of 2000, there were 734 people, 330 households, and 207 families residing in the town. The population density was 2,166.9 people per square mile (833.5/km²). There were 397 housing units at an average density of 1,172.0 per square mile (450.8/km²). The racial makeup of the town was 96.32% White, 0.14% African American, 1.36% Native American, 0.14% Asian, 0.82% from other races, and 1.23% from two or more races. Hispanic or Latino of any race were 6.95% of the population.

Yuma, Colorado

According to the United States Census Bureau, the city has a total area of 2.4 square miles (6.2 km2), of which, 2.4 square miles (6.2 km2) of it is land and 0.41% is water. Yuma is 21 miles away from its closest city Wray, Colorado.

As of the census[11] of 2000, there were 3,285 people, 1,275 households, and 847 families residing in the city. The population density was 1,350.6 people per square mile (522.0/km²). There were 1,393 housing units at an average density of 572.7 per square mile (221.3/km²). The racial makeup of the city was 91.39% White, 0.09% African American, 0.30% Native American, 0.03% Asian, 0.06% Pacific Islander, 7.06% from other races, and 1.07% from two or more races. Hispanic or Latino of any race were 23.47% of the population.

There were 1,275 households out of which 32.9% had children under the age of 18 living with them, 52.8% were married couples living together, 9.1% had a female householder with no husband present, and 33.5% were non-families. 30.4% of all households were made up of individuals and 14.6% had someone living alone who was 65 years of age or older. The average household size was 2.53 and the average family size was 3.17.

Walsenburg, Colorado

Walsenburg is a statutory city that is the county seat and the most populous city of Huerfano County, Colorado, United States.[1][8] The city population was 3,068 at the 2010 census,[9] down from 4,182 in 2000.

Walsenburg is mentioned in the famous Woody Guthrie song, "Ludlow Massacre". The song recounts an attack by the Colorado National Guard and armed Colorado Fuel & Iron Company camp guards on a tent colony of 1,200 striking coal miners and their families at Ludlow, Colorado, on April 20, 1914. Some two dozen people, including women and children, were killed. The first instance of violence in Walsenburg during the coal strikes is known as the Seventh Street Massacre where a total of three miners died. Walsenburg also became one of the most deadly of all the Ten Days War encounters on April 27, 1914. On this day around 25 people would die. The town is also remembered in sports history due to a famous newspaper gaffe ("Will Overhead") after the 1933 Indianapolis 500.[12][13][14]

Walsenburg is located in east-central Huerfano County, on the north side of the Cucharas River at the eastern edge of the foothills of the Sangre de Cristo Mountains.Interstate 25 runs along the eastern edge of the city, with access from Exits 49, 50, and 52. I-25 leads north 48 miles (77 km) to Pueblo and south 36 miles (58 km) to Trinidad. U.S. Route 160 passes through the center of Walsenburg, leading west across North La Veta Pass 72 miles (116 km) to Alamosa and south with I-25 to Trinidad. Colorado State Highway 10 leads northeast from Walsenburg 73 miles (117 km) to La Junta.

Montgomery Ward

Montgomery Ward Inc. is the name of two historically distinct American retail enterprises. It can refer either to the defunct mail order and department store retailer, which operated between 1872 and 2001, or to the current catalog and online retailer also known as Wards.

Montgomery Ward was founded by Aaron Montgomery Ward and Andrew Ward in 1872. Ward had conceived of the idea of a dry goods mail-order business in Chicago, Illinois, after several years of working as a traveling salesman among rural customers. He observed that rural customers often wanted "city" goods, but their only access to them was through rural retailers who had little competition and did not offer any guarantee of quality. Ward also believed that by eliminating intermediaries, he could cut costs and make a wide variety of goods available to rural customers, who could purchase goods by mail and pick them up at the nearest train station.

Ward started his business at his first office, either in a single room at 825 North Clark Street,[1] or in a loft above a livery stable on Kinzie Street between Rush and State Streets.[2] He and two partners raised $1,600 and issued their first catalog in August 1872. It consisted of an 8 in × 12 in (20 cm × 30 cm) single-sheet price list, listing 163 items for sale with ordering instructions for which Ward had written the copy. His two partners left the following year, but he continued the struggling business and was joined by his future brother-in-law, George Robinson Thorne.

Weldona, Colorado

Wellington

Wellington (Māori: Te Whanganui-a-Tara [tɛ ˈfaŋanʉi a taɾa]) is the capital and second most populous urban area of New Zealand, with 418,500 residents.[3] It is located at the south-western tip of the North Island, between Cook Strait and the Remutaka Range. Wellington is the major population centre of the southern North Island, and is the administrative centre of the Wellington Region, which also includes the Kapiti Coast and the Wairarapa. It is the world's southernmost capital of a sovereign state.[4] Wellington features a temperate maritime climate, and is the world's windiest city by average wind speed.[5]

The Wellington metropolitan area comprises four local authorities: Wellington City, on the peninsula between Cook Strait and Wellington Harbour, contains the central business district and about half the population; Porirua on Porirua Harbour to the north is notable for its large Māori and Pacific Island communities; Lower Hutt and Upper Hutt are largely suburban areas to the northeast, together known as the Hutt Valley.

As the nation's capital since 1865, the New Zealand Government and Parliament, Supreme Court and most of the public service are based in the city. Architectural sights include the collection of colourful timber houses, the more Victorian of which are nicknamed "Painted Ladies", The Old Government Building—one of the largest wooden buildings in the world—as well as the iconic Beehive, the executive wing of the New Zealand Parliament. Wellington is also home to several of the largest and oldest cultural institutions in the nation, such the National Archives, the National Library, the Museum of New Zealand Te Papa Tongarewa, and numerous theatres. It plays host to many artistic and cultural organisations, including the New Zealand Symphony Orchestra and Royal New Zealand Ballet. One of the world's most liveable cities, the 2016 Mercer Quality of Living Survey ranked Wellington 12th in the world, and was first in the world for both liveability and non-pollution by Deutsche Bank, from 2017–18.[6][7]